Newborn babies are typically given specific vaccination as part of national immunization programs to protect them from serious infectious diseases. The exact schedule may vary by country, but here is a general overview based on recommendations from organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):

First Vaccination for Newborns:

1. BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin):
   • Purpose: Protects against tuberculosis (TB), especially severe forms like meningitis and disseminated TB.
   • Timing: Given soon after birth, often within the first few days.
2. Hepatitis B Vaccine (HBV):
   • Purpose: Protects against hepatitis B, a viral infection that can lead to liver disease and cancer.
   • Timing: The first dose is administered within 24 hours of birth.
3. Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) (in some countries):
   • Purpose: Protects against poliomyelitis (polio), a disease that can cause paralysis.
   • Timing: Often given at birth, depending on the country\u2019s immunization schedule.

Vaccination Schedule for Infants and Children:

1–2 Months:

• Hepatitis B Vaccine (Second Dose):
  • Given 1 month after the first dose.

2 Months:

• DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis):
  • Protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough.
• IPV (Inactivated Polio Vaccine):
  • Protects against polio.
• Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b):
  • Prevents bacterial infections that can cause meningitis, pneumonia, and epiglottitis.
• PCV (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine):
  • Protects against pneumococcal infections.
• Rotavirus Vaccine:
  • Protects against severe diarrhea caused by rotavirus.

4 Months:

• Second doses of:
  • DTaP
  • IPV
  • Hib
  • PCV
  • Rotavirus Vaccine

6 Months:

• Third doses of:
  • DTaP
  • IPV
  • Hib
  • PCV
  • Rotavirus Vaccine (if a 3-dose series)
• Hepatitis B Vaccine (Third Dose):

6–18 Months:

• Influenza Vaccine:
  • Annual vaccination begins at 6 months.

12–15 Months:

• MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella):
  • First dose.
• Varicella (Chickenpox):
  • First dose.
• Hepatitis A Vaccine:
  • First dose.
• Booster doses of Hib and PCV.

15–18 Months:

• Booster dose of DTaP.

4–6 Years:

• Second doses of:
  • MMR
  • Varicella
• Booster doses of:
  • DTaP
  • IPV

Additional Considerations:

• Optional Vaccines (depending on region and risk):
  • Meningococcal Vaccine: Protects against meningitis caused by meningococcal bacteria.
  • HPV Vaccine: Administered later, around 11–12 years, to protect against cervical and other cancers.
  • Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine: In areas where this disease is prevalent.
  • Typhoid Vaccine: In regions with a high risk of typhoid fever.

Why Vaccination is Important:

Vaccines are essential for protecting children against life-threatening diseases. They not only protect the individual but also contribute to community immunity, reducing the spread of infections.

Would you like specific details for your country’s vaccination schedule? I can look it up for you!